Outrigger canoe racing, or "paddling" as it is referred to by Hawaii locals, is a sport with origins in the Hawaiian Islands and enjoyed worldwide. Several races are held each year, with participating paddling clubs from Hawaii, the Mainland, Polynesia and sometimes even Asian and European countries. The outrigger canoe includes an outrigger rig that acts as a balance for the paddlers. Ancient Hawaiians preferred the koa tree as the base for their canoes, first shaping a log, curing it, then finishing the main body and other parts before assembly. During the process, numerous ceremonies were observed with offerings made to various gods and spirits in exchange for their blessings and protection. Today, outrigger canoes are made with a combination of natural and synthetic materials for optimal durability, safety and aesthetic quality. Ancient Hawaiians used the outrigger canoe for both survival and recreation, the latter providing opportunities for paddlers and steersmen to hone their skills in the open sea. Canoe racing was a popular sport and means of entertainment for the Hawaiians, and sometimes involved gambling with land and possessions providing the contest stakes. Winning a canoe race provided much pride for the participating village and chief (ali'i). The Hawaiian King David Kalakua instigated a rebirth of canoe paddling and other water sports in 1875; by 1908 the first formal outrigger canoe club was formed, the Outrigger Canoe Club of Hawaii. By 1910, canoe clubs began racing in organized meets, a tradition which continues today with over 60 clubs and 10,000 active outrigger canoe enthusiasts in Hawaii. In outrigger canoe racing there are usually six paddlers sitting alternately on the opposite side of each other, working in unison. The "stroke" sits in the front seat of the canoe, followed by paddler one and paddler two; these paddlers ensure the rhythm and pace of the team's strokes. The "power seats" of paddler three and paddler four are taken by heavier, stronger team members, providing the power and force needed to drive the canoe. Paddler five, also a power seat, further assists with steering and the important function of keeping an eye on the ama, or outer float, and prevent the canoe from capsizing. The sixth seat is taken by the steerer, the team captain who directs the other paddlers, motivates them and navigates them through the best possible course in the race. In Hawaii, outrigger canoes participate in both sprint and distance races. Teams usually wear matching swimsuits, t-shirts and board shorts made from Hawaiian fabric in tropical designs and colors. |